Working principle of screw air compressor

Time:2022-03-07   Number:287 Back to list >>

Screw air compressor is composed of screw head, motor, oil-gas separation barrel, cooling system, air conditioning system, lubrication system, safety valve and control system. The whole machine is installed in a box and is self-contained. It can be directly placed on the flat cement ground without fixing it on the foundation with anchor bolts. Screw head is a double shaft volumetric rotary compressor head. A pair of high-precision main (male) and auxiliary (female) rotors are installed horizontally and parallel inside the casing. The main (male) rotor has 5 teeth and the auxiliary (female) rotor has 6 teeth. The diameter of the main rotor is large and the diameter of the auxiliary rotor is small. The teeth form a spiral shape and they mesh with each other. Both ends of the main and auxiliary rotors are respectively supported and positioned by bearings. During operation, the motor directly carries the main rotor through the coupling. Since the two rotors mesh with each other, the main rotor directly drives the auxiliary rotor to rotate together. The coolant is directly injected into the meshing part of the rotor through the nozzle at the lower part of the compressor casing and mixed with air to take away the heat generated by compression and achieve the cooling effect. At the same time, a liquid film is formed to prevent direct metal to metal contact between rotors and close the gap between rotors and casings. The injected coolant can also reduce the noise caused by high-speed compression.


The main components of screw air compressor are screw head and oil-gas separation barrel. The screw head sucks air through the suction filter and air inlet control valve. At the same time, oil is injected into the air compression chamber to cool and seal the head and lubricate the screw and bearing. The compression chamber generates compressed air. The oil-gas mixture generated after compression is discharged into the oil-gas separation barrel. Due to the action of mechanical centrifugal force and gravity, most of the oil is separated from the oil-gas mixture. The air passes through the oil-gas separation copper core made of boron silicate glass fiber, and almost all the oil mist is separated. The oil separated from the oil-gas separation copper core returns to the screw head through the oil return pipe. When the oil is separated, the compressed air leaves the oil and gas cylinder through the pressure control valve and enters the aftercooler. The aftercooler cools the compressed air and discharges it to the air storage tank for use by all gas users. The condensed water is concentrated in the air storage tank and discharged through automatic drainer or manual.
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